Premature Ovarian Failure

Frequently Asked Questions

What Is Premature Ovarian Failure?

Premature/Primary ovarian failure, now called primary ovarian insufficiency,  is when a woman’s ovaries stop producing typical amounts of estrogen and release eggs irregularly or not at all. It affects 1% of women and can come on during teenage years through the forties. Common side effects include infertility, osteoporosis, and heart disease. 

What Is Secondary Ovarian Failure?

Secondary ovarian failure (secondary ovarian insufficiency) is a condition in which the ovaries stop working and menstrual periods stop during reproductive years. The ovaries are normal but there is a problem getting hormone signals to them from the brain. This is usually caused by diseases of the pituitary gland or hypothalamus. Secondary ovarian failure may also be caused by certain medicines, too much exercise, or certain eating disorders. This condition can cause fertility problems and can present with symptoms usually related to menopause. Some women with secondary ovarian failure sometimes have menstrual periods and may be able to have children. 

What Are the Symptoms of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency?

Symptoms of primary ovarian insufficiency are similar to those of menopause and can include irregular or skipped periods, vaginal dryness, hot flashes, difficulty conceiving, night sweats, dry eyes, and decreased sexual desire. Talk to your doctor if you are experiencing difficulty conceiving and/or if you have missed your period for three or more months. 

How to Know If You Have Premature Ovarian Failure

Those with premature ovarian insufficiency can be hard to notice. Some may experience symptoms similar to menopause and others may only suspect they have this condition if they are finding it hard to conceive. Primary ovarian insufficiency affects 1% of women, and a large percentage of those have unknown causes. You are at an increased risk if you are 35-40 years old, have a family history of primary ovarian insufficiency, or if you have undergone cancer treatments (radiation and/or chemotherapy). A pelvic exam and blood tests are likely needed to confirm a diagnosis. 

Can PCOS Lead to Premature Ovarian Failure?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that can negatively affect fertility. While PCOS does not cause “ovarian failure,” women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods, excess male hormone levels, or may develop growths in the ovaries that cause an irregular release of eggs.  

How Common Is Premature Ovarian Failure?

Premature or Primary ovarian insufficiency is rare and affects 1% of women. Talk to your doctor if you are experiencing difficulty conceiving and/or if you have missed your period for three or more months. 

Is Premature Ovarian Failure Genetic?

Having a family member with premature/primary ovarian insufficiency increases your risk of having this condition. Inform your doctor of your family’s medical history when trying to conceive. 

Can Premature Ovarian Failure Be Reversed?

No, premature/primary ovarian insufficiency cannot be reversed. Estrogen treatment may be recommended to prevent osteoporosis and lessen or eliminate symptoms such as hot flashes. Calcium and vitamin D supplements may also be recommended. Consult with your doctor when deciding on the right treatment for you. 

Can You Get Pregnant with Premature Ovarian Failure?

It is possible, though rare, to get pregnant if you have premature/primary ovarian insufficiency. Some women may have a time period of irregular cycles before they completely stop. There is currently no fertility treatment that will restore ovarian function. Conception chances are increased through IVF of a donor egg. 

Can Acupuncture Treat Premature Ovarian Failure?

Acupuncture treatments can be beneficial to those undergoing fertility treatments. This therapy harmonizes hormones and energy throughout the whole body, improving fertility outcomes and improving the quality and quantity of eggs retrieved during IVF retrieval. Acupuncture is also an effective therapy for improving mental and emotional health, which is of great importance during fertility treatments.